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Warning Signs of Heart Attack and Stroke

Learn the warning signs of a heart attack and a stroke, how they can differ in women and older adults, and why to call 911 right away.

Knowing the warning signs of a heart attack or a stroke can save a life, maybe your own. With both, fast treatment matters. If you think you see the signs, call 911 right away.

Common signs of a heart attack

Some heart attacks are sudden and strong. Others start slowly, with mild pain or discomfort. Signs can include:

  • Chest discomfort. Most people feel pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain in the center of the chest. It can last more than a few minutes, or go away and come back.
  • Discomfort in other parts of the upper body, such as one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach.
  • Shortness of breath, with or without chest discomfort.
  • Other signs, such as a cold sweat, nausea, feeling lightheaded, a fast or uneven heartbeat, or unusual tiredness.

Signs can look different in women and older adults

For women, as for men, the most common sign is chest pain or discomfort. But women are more likely to have other signs too, such as:

  • Unusual tiredness, sometimes for days
  • Nausea, vomiting or an upset stomach
  • Pain in the shoulder, back or arm
  • Shortness of breath

In older adults, chest pain is not always the main warning sign. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute says that shortness of breath while resting or doing light activity is more common in older adults. "Silent" heart attacks, with very mild signs or none at all, are also more common in older adults and in people with diabetes.

Signs of a stroke: BE FAST

A stroke happens suddenly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) teaches the letters BE FAST to help you spot one:

  • B — Balance: Is the person suddenly dizzy or off balance?
  • E — Eyes: Do they have trouble seeing normally?
  • F — Face: Ask them to smile. Does one side of the face droop?
  • A — Arms: Ask them to raise both arms. Does one arm drift down?
  • S — Speech: Ask them to repeat a simple phrase. Is their speech slurred or strange?
  • T — Time: If you see any of these signs, call 911 right away.

Other sudden signs of stroke include numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body; confusion or trouble understanding speech; trouble walking; and a severe headache with no known cause.

When to call 911

  • Call 911 right away if you or someone near you has signs of a heart attack or stroke, even if you are not sure. Every minute matters.
  • Do not drive yourself to the hospital, and do not let someone else drive you. Emergency crews can start checking you and giving care on the way.
  • Note the time stroke signs first started. This helps doctors choose the best treatment.
  • Do not delay calling 911 to try other remedies first.

Willow Harbor at Home's care team reviews readings and follows up during business hours, but it is not an emergency service. If you notice any of these signs, call 911 first.

This guide is general information, not medical advice. Talk with your doctor about your own care.

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