Willow Harbor HealthWillow Harbor at Home

Preventing Falls at Home and Beyond

Learn why falls matter after 65, simple ways to lower your risk, a home safety checklist, and what to do if you fall.

Why falls matter

More than one in four people age 65 or older fall each year. Fewer than half of them tell their doctor. Falling once makes another fall more likely.

A fall can lead to a broken bone, such as a broken hip, or a head injury. For an older adult, that can mean a long recovery or lasting trouble getting around. Many people also become afraid of falling again. They move less, get weaker, and that raises the risk even more.

The good news is that most falls have causes you can change. These include weak legs, balance problems, some medicines, vision problems and hazards in the home.

Talk with your doctor

  • Tell your doctor about any fall, even if you were not hurt.
  • Ask your doctor to check your risk of falling.
  • Ask your doctor or pharmacist to review all your medicines, including ones you buy without a prescription. Some can make you dizzy or sleepy. Do not stop a medicine on your own.
  • Ask whether you should be checked for weak bones.

Stay strong and steady

Weak leg muscles are a major reason people fall. Exercises that build leg strength and balance can help. Tai chi is one example. Ask your doctor what kind of activity is safe for you. Your local senior center may know about exercise and fall prevention classes nearby.

A few other steps help you stay steady:

  • Have an eye doctor check your eyes at least once a year, and update your glasses when needed.
  • Get your hearing checked. Small changes in vision or hearing are linked to more falls.
  • Wear sturdy shoes with nonskid rubber soles and low heels. Avoid going in socks, slippers or smooth-soled shoes on stairs and floors.
  • Stand up slowly after sitting or lying down.

Home safety checklist

Walk through your home and look for these:

  • Floors: Clear paths. Pick up things on the floor. Remove throw rugs or secure them with double-sided tape or a non-slip backing. Tape cords next to the wall.
  • Stairs: Keep stairs clear. Fix loose or uneven steps. Put sturdy handrails on both sides, running the full length. Have lights and switches at the top and bottom.
  • Bathroom: Put a non-slip mat or strips in the tub or shower. Add grab bars inside and next to the tub, and next to the toilet.
  • Bedroom: Keep a lamp within easy reach of the bed. Use a nightlight.
  • Kitchen: Keep things you use often at about waist height. Never stand on a chair. If you need a step stool, use one with a bar to hold.

If you fall

  • Stay calm and take a few breaths. Rest a moment and check whether you are hurt before you move.
  • If you can get up safely, roll onto your side, crawl to a sturdy chair, and slowly sit up into it.
  • If you are hurt or cannot get up, call 911 or call out for help. If you are alone, try to get comfortable and wait for help.

To be ready, keep a charged phone with you, set up a daily check-in with family or a friend, and think about a medical alert button you wear.

When to call 911

Call 911 if you or someone else is hurt after a fall, or cannot get up.

This guide is general information, not medical advice. Talk with your doctor about your own care.

Have a question about this? Willow can explain in plain words, in English or Spanish.

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